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Kami-nidan (upper two rows) verbs
There are many verbs in classical Japanese that conjugate like ochiru, "to fall".
| mizenkei | ochi- | ochizu |
| renyoukei | ochi- | ochitari |
| shuushikei | otsu- | otsu |
| rentaikei | otsuru- | otsuru mono |
| izenkei | otsure- | otsuredomo |
| meireikei | ochiyo | ochiyo! |
So how can we recognize these verbs? Usually, if the modern derivative of
a classical Japanese verb has a stem ending in i then it belongs
to this conjugation pattern. There are, however, some exceptions, notably
the ten verbs that belong to the kami ichidan (upper one row) class: miru : to see; kiru : to arrive; niru : to resemble; iru : to shoot; mochiwiru : to use; hiru : to get dry; iru : to cast (metal); wiru or hikiwiru : to lead, to command (troops); and wiru : to exist.
The kami ichidan pattern is given below, taking miru for example:
| mizenkei | mi- | mizu |
| renyoukei | mi- | mitari |
| shuushikei | miru- | miru |
| rentaikei | miru- | miru mono |
| izenkei | mire- | miredomo |
| meireikei | miyo | miyo! |
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